郎氏結

郎氏結(node of Ranvier)又称郎飞结神经纤维结(node of nerve fiber),是有髓神经元两段髓鞘之间的无髓鞘部分,此处轴膜部分裸露,可发生膜电位变化。郎氏結形成的原因是形成髓鞘时,相邻施万细胞不完全连接,而在神经纤维上形成的节段性缩窄。

郎氏結
周围神经轴突图(标记为“axis-cylinday”),显示郎氏结及其他特征
光学显微镜下的郎氏结
基本信息
系統神经系统
位置Myelinated axon of a nerve
标识字符
拉丁文incisura myelini
MeSHD011901
THH2.00.06.2.03015
显微解剖学术语英语Anatomical terms of microanatomy
[在维基数据上编辑]

郎氏結以首位描述該結構的法國科學家路易-安托万·郎飞為名。由於有髓鞘的神經元,髓鞘包覆著軸突,每隔數毫米郎氏結就出現在這種神經元上的沒有髓鞘部分。

跳跃传导学说认为,因为在郎氏结之间的结间区的电阻极高,而在结区的电阻极低,并且轴突膜仅在结区可接触细胞外液,所以,局部电流必须在郎氏结处穿出膜在髓鞘处形成回路,进行跳跃式传导。

的内侧大纤维没有郎氏结。

概論

细胞体
轴突
突触
髓鞘
典型神經元的結構

附加圖片

參見

  • 結間段英语Internodal segment(節間段、結間體)
  • 施万细胞
  • 少突神經膠質細胞英语Oligodendrocyt(少突膠質細胞、寡突膠細胞、寡突細胞、少突細胞、稀少突起阿膠細胞、稀突起膠細胞)
  • 髓磷脂

參考文獻

  • Baumann, Nicole; Pham-Dinh, Danielle. Biology of Oligodendrocyte and Myelin in the Mammalian Central Nervous System. Physiological Reviews. 2001, 81 (2): 871–927 [2007-07-13]. PMID 11274346. (原始内容存档于2007-05-26). 
  • Ragheb, Fadi. The M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Mediates p42mapk Activation and c-fos mRNA Expression in Oligodendrocyte Progenitors (PDF). Ottawa: National Library of Canada. 1999 [2006-03-07]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2006-05-16). 
  • Raine, C.S. (1991). Oligodendrocytes and central nervous system myelin. In Textbook of Neuropathology, second edition, R.L. Davis and D.M. Robertson, eds. (Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins), pp. 115–141.
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  • Káradóttir, R.; D. Attwell. Neurotransmiter receptors in the life and death of oligodendrocytes. Neuroscience. 14 April 2007, 145 (4): 1426–1438. PMC 2173944. PMID 17049173. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.08.070. 
  • Carlson, Neil. Physiology of Behavior. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. 2010: 38–39. ISBN 0-205-66627-2. 
  • Sokol, Stacey. The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis: Physiological Tutorial. [2012-04-29]. (原始内容存档于2012-07-16). 
  • Fields, Douglas. White Matter Matters. Scientific American. 18 February 2008, 298 (March 2008): 54–61 [2012-04-29]. Bibcode:2008SciAm.298c..54D. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0308-54. (原始内容存档于2013-11-01). 
  • Menn, Benedicte; Oscar Gonzalez-Perez. Origin of Oligodendrocytes in the Subventricular Zone of the Adult Brain. The Journal of Neuroscience. 26 July 2006, 26 (30): 7907–7918 [2012-04-29]. PMID 16870736. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1299-06.2006. (原始内容存档于2019-12-07). 
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  • Vallstedt, A; Klos JM; Ericson F. Multiple dorsoventral origins of oligodendrocyte generation in the spinal cord and hindbrain. Neuron. 1. 6 January 2005, 45 (1): 55–67. PMID 15629702. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.12.026. 
  • Thomas, JL; Spassky N; Perez Villegas EM; Olivier C; Cobos I; Goujet-Zalc C; Martínez S; Zalc B. Spatiotemporal development of oligodendrocytes in the embryonic brain. Journal of Neuroscience Research. 15 February 2000, 59 (4): 471–476. PMID 10679785. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000215)59:4<471::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-3. 
  • Richardson, WD; Kessaris, N; Pringle, N. Oligodendrocyte wars. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 1. 2006, 7 (1): 11–18. PMID 16371946. doi:10.1038/nrn1826. 

外部連結

  • Cell Centered Database – Node of Ranvier (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • Organology at UC Davis nervous/pns/nerve2/nerve5 – "PNS, nerve (LM, Medium)"

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